SCOPING REVIEW: RISK FACTORS FOR TUBERCULOSIS EXPOSURE IN HOSPITAL WORKERS

Abstract

Health workers and workers in hospitals are the backbone of health services in hospitals. Hospitals are labor-intensive, technology-intensive, with a high level of human involvement, ongoing activities every day, and there are potential biological hazards, one of which is the Tuberculosis (TB) bacterium. For this reason, hospitals are workplaces with high occupational health and safety (K3) risks. This scoping review follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines. The scoping review framework was developed using PEO (Population, Exposure and Outcome). The population in question is the hospital workforce, the exposure is tuberculosis, and the outcome is the protection of the workforce from TB. This framework is the basis for researchers to determine keywords when conducting a literature. A search on 2 databases, namely Pubmed and Science Direct, obtained 100 articles. after screening and eligibility criteria, there were 12 articles included for review. Workers who are at risk of exposure to TB include nurses, doctors, other health workers, and non-health workers. Causal factors, Behaviours, Attitudes, Knowledge, Policies, Infrastructure, and monitoring and evaluation. Tuberculosis is a significant occupational health problem among health workers. In reducing TB exposure in health care facilities, it is necessary to build an infection control system to ensure the health of health workers and reduce TB transmission in health care facilities. Existing policies do not clearly regulate work-related TB to health workers, legal sanctions, continuous PPI monitoring in health care facilities, compensation and reporting of TB cases to health workers. Health facility management and health workers are required to carry out PPI according to standards, carry out TB screening tests and prioritize safety culture at work.